“ Jye nabaye ibwami kwa Rwabugiri; abana b’umwami bose ndabazi”. ibi ni cyimwe mubyakozeho RUKARA RWA BISHIGWE.

Mu Gahunga ni mu Karere ka Burera, Uumurenge wa Gahunga, Akagari ka
Kidakama, Umudugudu wa Mubuga, mu nkengero z’ikirunga cya Muhabura,
Intara y’Amajyaruguru, ahahoze hitwa mu Murera. Ni ku muhanda Musanze – Cyanika, nk’ibirometero icumi uturutse mu mujyi wa Musanze.

Ntawavuga amateka ya Gahunga atavuze Abarashi b’aho. Abarashi ni
umuryango mugari wo mu Bacyaba, wari uzwiho kuba indwanyi. Abarashi
barimo imitwe ibiri y’ingenzi: hari Abakemba bari mu Gahunga, ndetse
n’Urwasabahizi bari ku Kabaya hafi y’ikiyaga cya Ruhondo.

Abarashi ngo
baba barakomotse muri Ankole, bagera mu Murera ku ngoma y’Umwami Yuhi
III Mazimpaka .Muri Ankole bahahagurutse ari
abavandimwe bane ari bo Byemero, Karandura, Kanaga na Karuru. Bageze
mu Murera bakiriwe n’Abagara, umuryango na wo wo mu Bacyaba.

Ku ngoma y’Umwami Mutara II Rwogera ariko, Abarashi batangiye kugirana
ibibazo n’ibwami. Ibibazo bitangira ubwo Sekaryongo ka Muhabwa watwaraga
Umurera, yatanze abayobozi b’iyi mitwe yombi y’Abarashi: Sekidandi
wategekaga Abakemba na Turahakanywe watwaraga Urwasabahizi. Nyuma
y’uko aba bombi batanzwe bakicwa, Abarashi bigometse ku bwami ntibaba
bagitanga amakoro ibwami ndetse bakanabuza abandi kuyatanga.

Umwami Kigeri IV Rwabugiri amaze kwima ingoma ya se Rwogera, yashatse
uko yakongera akagarura aka karere k’Umurera kari karigometse. Nibwo yaje
aha mu Murera agamije kongera ituze no kureba uko Abarashi basubira
bakayoboka.

Bumvise ko Rwabugiri yageze mu Murera, Abarashi bahisemo kumuhungira
mu ishyamba ry’ibirunga. Kubera ko umwami yari yarumvise ibigwi
n’ubutwari bwabo, yabatumyeho abasezeranya ko nta kintu na kimwe
kizababaho.

Rwabugiri yabatumyeho uwitwa Muhozi mwene Nyamwishyura, na bo
bohereza uwitwa Birushya. Umwami yakiriye iyi ntumwa, anayigabira inka
mbere yo kuyiha ubutumwa bw’ihumure. Abarashi bose, ari Abakemba
ndetse n’Urwasabahizi bahise bemera kuza bakitaba Umwami Rwabugiri.

Umwami amaze kubakira yabashyize mu mutwe we wihariye witwaga
“Ingangurarugo”, abasezeranya ko nta wundi mutware uzongera
kubayobora, icyo gihe Rukara agirwa umuyobozi w’Abarashi bose. Mu rwego
rwo kwerekana ubwo bufatanye bushya, Rwabugiri yajyanye n’Abarashi mu
muhigo w’inzovu mu gace k’u Bufumbira.

Rwabugiri yagumye iminsi myinshi
mu Murera, ndetse anahizihiriza Umuganura inshuro ebyiri zikurikiranye,
rimwe ku musozi wa Mata mu wa 1876, ubundi ahitwa i Rugeshi mu wa 1877,
hose haherereye mu Karere ka Musanze.

Rukara yari mwene Bishingwe bya Sekidandi, nyina akaba Nyirakavumbi.
Bishingwe yapfuye azize umusonga mu wa 1899. Icyivugo cya Rukara cyari
“Rukara rw’igitinyiro, urwa Semukanya intahana-batatu ya Rutamu”. Yari
umugabo w’igihagararo, ibigango n’igitinyiro nk’uko bamwe mu banditsi
b’amateka y’u Rwanda bamubonye babyanditse. Umwanditsi Dufays (1928)
yanditse ko Rukara yari afite nka metero imwe na santimetero 90 mu
gihagararo.

Umwami Rwabugiri amaze gutanga, habaye intambara izwi cyane
nk’intambara yo ku Rucunshu, irangira Yuhi V Musinga yimye ingoma Nyuma y’iyi ntambara
amajyaruguru yongeye kwigomeka, bikozwe na Basebya ba Nyirantwari mu
Rugezi, ndetse na Ndungutse

Hagati aho ariko abazungu bari baramaze kugera muri aka gace
k’amajyaruguru, ndetse Abapadiri Bera bari baramaze gushinga misiyoni
yabo ya mbere mu Bugarura, ahitwa i Rwaza (1903). Mu bapadiri bari aho i
Rwaza harimo Paulin Loupias Abanyarwanda bitaga Rugigana.

Tugarutse ku Barashi, mu mwaka wa 1910, abayobozi babo bombi
baburaniraga ibwami bapfa imbibi. Muri uru rubanza Sebuyange watwaraga
Urwasabahizi atsinda Rukara watwaraga Abakemba bo mu Gahunga.
Umwami Yuhi V Musinga, abigiriwemo inama na Sebuyange, yasabye
Rugigana wari Padiri Mukuru wa Rwaza, kuza kurangiza urubanza.

Mu irangiza ry’urwo rubanza, Rugigana ntiyumvikanye na Rukara, ndetse
Rugigana aza kwicwa na mwene se wa Rukara witwaga Manuka; ubwo hari
ku ya 1 Mata 1910. Ariko bamwe mu bashakashatsi banditse ko ahubwo ari
uwitwa Karinijabo wishe Rugigana akoresheje icumu rye . Aho Rugigana yiciwe ni ho ubu abahaturiye bita “Ku Karugigana”. mbere hitwaga mu “Rubyagiriro” kuko ari ho inka z’Abarashi zabyagiraga.

Urupfu rwa Rugigana rwagize ingaruka zikomeye, kuko usibye kuba Rukara
n’abe barahise bahungira mu Bufumbira, uru rupfu rwakurikiwe n’itwikirwa
ndetse no kwangirizwa imitungo ry’abakomoka mu miryango y’Abarashi,
abandi bamburwa ubutaka. Nyuma Rukara n’abo bahunganye baje gusanga
Ndungutse twavuze haruguru wari yarigometse.

Ndungutse washakaga
kwigaragaza neza imbere y’abazungu, yigiriye inama yo gutanga Rukara ku
bazungu. Ndungutse yari yarashenguwe n’uko Rukara yari yaramubwije
ukuri! Mu bika byabanje twigeze kuvuga uko Ndungutse yiyitaga mwene
Rutarindwa, ariko abari bamuzi neza bemezaga ko yarutaga kure mu myaka
uwo yiyitiriraga kuba se! Rimwe rero Rukara yaje kumwumva yiyita mwene
Rutarindwa, amusubiza agira ati: “Mugenzi wanjye, jye nabaye ibwami kwa
Rwabugiri; abana b’umwami bose ndabazi, kandi wowe sinigeze na rimwe
nkubona ibwami. Tuza rero twirire Igihugu, ariko ibyo kubeshya
Abanyarwanda tubireke”.

Ndungutse yaje kugambanira Rukara, arafatwa, ashyikirizwa Liyetona
(Lieutenant) Gudovius bitaga Bwana Lazima, ubwo hari ku wa 14 Mata 1912.
Abasirikare b’Abadage babanje kumujyana i Kigali, nyuma azanwa mu
Ruhengeri gucirwa urubanza.

Uru rubanza rwabaye ku wa 18 Mata 1912,
Rukara rwa Bishingwe acirwa urubanza rwo kwicwa amanitswe. Igihe cyo
kunyongwa kigeze ariko, yambuye umusirikare w’umuserija wari umurinze
inkota, ayimucumita mu rwano, abasirikare basigaye bamurasa urufaya
agerageza guhunga. Aho yarasiwe ubu ni munsi gato y’inyubako z’Akarere ka
Musanze, hafi y’ahari ibibuga bya tennis.

Hejuru twavuze ko aho Padiri Loupias bitaga Rugigana yiciwe mu Gahunga,
bahita Kukarugigana. Ubu hubatse Paruwasi ya Gahunga, hari n’ikigo
cy’amashuri abanza cya Gahunga. Iyi Paruwasi yahoze ari santarari imwe mu
zigize Paruwasi ya Rwaza, iza guhinduka Paruwasi muri 1986. Aho yaguye,
abihayimana bo mu Gahunga bahashyize umusaraba munini nk’ikimenyetso
cy’ibyahabereye. Nko muri metero 15 ariko hari ikivumu cy’inganzamarumbo,
kigaragara nk’aho cyaba kimaze imyaka myinshi giteye aho. Rukara afite
benshi bamukomokaho bagituye aha mu Gahunga k’Abarashi.

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About The Author

Mussa KaKa

My name is Byiringiro Moise, a graduate of the University of Rwanda in the Department of History and Heritage. I have practical experience in heritage preservation and museum education, having completed an internship at the Huye Ethnographic Museum where I worked on ethnographic collection management and visitor engagement. I have also served as a teacher, delivering holistic lessons that empower youth and strengthen community values. My academic and professional journey reflects a deep commitment to cultural identity, reconciliation, and civic education.

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