Mu kiganiro kidasanzwe muri Kongere ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Chris Smith, Perezida w’Akanama gashinzwe Afurika, yagaragaje ko hari icyizere gishya cy’amahoro arambye mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari. Iki cyizere gishingiye ku “Masezerano ya Washington” yateguwe n’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Trump, akaba abonwa nka rukuruzi ishobora guhagarika intambara imaze imyaka irenga 30.
Inkingi eshatu z’aya masezerano
Ubukungu nk’umuti w’amakimbirane: Bitandukanye n’izindi masezerano yabanje, aya ya Washington ashyira imbere “Regional Economic Integration Framework”. Inzira nshya ni ugutuma u Rwanda na RDC bihuzwa n’inyungu z’ubukungu mu gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro, ubukerarugendo n’ingufu, aho kurwana bapfa ibyo bishobora gusangira.
Umurongo w’ibikorwa bya gisirikare (CONOPS): Smith yishimiye ko hari intambwe enye impande zombi zemeranyijeho. Izi zirimo:
- Kurandura burundu umutwe wa FDLR muri RDC (ikibazo nyamukuru ku mutekano w’u Rwanda).
- Guhagarika ibikorwa bya M23 no gusubiza abarwanyi bayo mu buzima busanzwe.
- Kuvana ingabo z’amahanga ku butaka bwa RDC, mu gihe umutekano w’imipaka waba wamaze kwizerwa.
Uruhare rw’amadini: Amerika ntiyizeye abanyapolitiki gusa; Smith yashimangiye ko Inama y’Abepiskopi Gatolika muri RDC (CENCO) n’Itorero rya Kristo muri Kongo (ECC) ari bo bafite urufunguzo rwo guhuza sosiyete sivile n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro kugira ngo amasezerano agere ku baturage b’uwo munsi.
“Ibi ntibireba politiki gusa; bireba icyubahiro cy’abantu miliyoni esheshatu bamaze kugwa mu ntambara n’ahazaza h’abana b’Abanyarwanda n’Abanye-Kongo.” — Chris Smith
N’ubwo hari icyizere, amasezerano aracyahura n’imbogamizi z’abanzi b’amahoro, urugero ni igitero cyagabwe mu mujyi wa Kisangani.
Ku rundi ruhande, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, Amb. Olivier Nduhungirehe, yagaragaje ko aya masezerano ari ishusho nyayo y’uburyo ibikorwa byemeranyijweho bigomba kugenda, n’ubwo u Rwanda rugishimangira ko ingamba rufata ku mipaka ari izo kwirinda bitewe n’imvugo z’ubushotoranyi zavuye i Kinshasa.
1. Ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro (Transparent Minerals Value Chain)
Aya masezerano ashingiye ku gitekerezo cyo gukuraho “isoko rya magendu” rishinja u Rwanda kwinjiza amabuye avuye muri RDC, maze agasimbuzwa ubufatanye buzwi n’amategeko.
- Gutunganyiriza amabuye mu karere: Aho kugira ngo amabuye y’agaciro (nk’izahabu, Gatanwa/Coltan) ajye hanze ari mbisi, amasezerano ashishikariza gushyiraho inganda zihuriweho (refineries) zitunganyiriza aya mabuye mu karere.
- Inyungu kuri RDC: Ibasha kugenzura amabuye yayo no kubona imisoro itagendaga mu ntoki z’imitwe yitwaje intwaro.
- Inyungu ku Rwanda: Rubona uburyo bwemewe n’amategeko bwo kwinjiza amabuye mu nganda zarwo, bikakuraho ibirego by’amahanga.
2. Ingufu (Energy Cooperation)
Ikiyaga cya Kivu ni isoko ikomeye y’ingufu zishobora guhuza ibihugu byombi:
- Gaze Metane: U Rwanda rusanzwe ruyibyaza amashanyarazi. Amasezerano ateganya ko uyu mushinga wagurwa ukageza amashanyarazi mu mijyi ya Goma na Bukavu muri RDC, bityo ibi bihugu bikaba abafatanyabikorwa mu mucyo aho kuba mu mwijima.
- Amashanyarazi akomoka ku mazi: Hari imishinga y’ingomero z’amashanyarazi ku mipaka (nk’umugezi wa Ruzizi) ishobora kwagurwa binyuze mu nkunga ya Amerika n’abashoramari b’abega.
3. Ibikorwaremezo n’Ubucuruzi (Logistics & Trade)
Kugira ngo amabuye n’ibindi bicuruzwa bigere ku masoko mpuzamahanga, hakenewe inzira nshya:
- Gufungura imipaka: Amasezerano asaba ko imipaka ifungurwa 24/7, bityo imihanda ihuza Goma, Bukavu n’icyambu cya Dar es Salaam cyangwa Mombasa ikanyura mu Rwanda idahagaritswe na politiki.
- Icyerekezo cya Amerika: Amerika yifuza ko aya masezerano afasha mu guhangana n’ubuhangange bwa Ubushinwa mu mabuye y’agaciro muri RDC, bityo ubufatanye bw’u Rwanda na RDC bugatuma Amerika ibona amabuye ya “climat-friendly” mu buryo bwizewe.
4. Ubukerarugendo (Regional Tourism)
Ubu ni uburyo bwo guhuza pariki z’ibirunga (Volcanoes National Park mu Rwanda na Virunga muri RDC):
- Gushyiraho “Visa” imwe y’ubukerarugendo ituma ba mukerarugendo basura ingagi ku mpande zombi badategereje uruhushya rwinshi, ibi bikongera amadevize mu bihugu byombi no guha akazi abaturage bahoze bafasha imitwe yitwaje intwaro.
About The Author
