Wabonye ukuntu nko mu muryango nyarwanda no mu muco rusange, kurira akenshi bifatwa nk’intege nke? Umwana abwirwa guceceka, umuntu mukuru akabwirwa ko “ungana nkawe adakwiye kuba arira”, naho naho ngo “amarira y’umugabo atemba ajya mu nda.”
Nyamara Ariko burya ni ukwibeshya, si ko ukuri kwa siyansi n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bubivuga. Kurira si intege nke, ni uburyo bw’umubiri n’amarangamutima bwo asohoka mu mubiri w’umuntu bikamufasha kuruhuka no kwisubiza ku murongo.
Hari umushakashatsi wo mu Buholandi Ad Vingerhoets wakoze ubushakashatsi ku kamaro ko kurira ku mitekerereze. Yanditse igitabo kitwa Why Only Humans Weep: Unravelling the Mysteries of Tears Asobanura uburyo kurira bifasha ndetse bikanagabanya stress no gutuma umuntu aruhuka.
Ubashakashatsi bwa William Frey II mu gitabo yise Crying: The Mystery of Tears bugaragaza ko hari ubwoko butatu bw’amarira. Hari amarira asanzwe ahora mu maso (basal tears) aya ngaya afasha amaso kuyagumisha atose kandi arinzwe.
Hari amarira y’ubwirinzi (reflex tears) aza iyo ijisho ryahuye n’ikintu kiribangamiye nk’umwotsi, umukungugu cyangwa igitunguru aya yoza ijisho.
Hakaba n’amarira aterwa n’amarangamutima (emotional tears), aza iyo umuntu ababaye, yishimye cyane cyangwa ahangayitse.
Aya marira y’amarangamutima ni yo akunze kubuzwa abantu, nyamara ni yo afite umumaro ukomeye. Afasha umubiri kugabanya umunaniro n’umuhangayiko, agasohora zimwe mu misemburo ijyana n’igitutu cyo mu mutwe.
Kurira bitewe n’amarangamutima (emotional crying) gutandukanye n’amarira aterwa n’ibindi nk’umwotsi cyangwa ikintu cyinjiye mu jisho. Iyo umuntu arize kubera agahinda, umunaniro cyangwa ibyishimo bikabije, umubiri usohora amarira arimo utunyabutabire n’imisemburo ifitanye isano no kugabanya stress.
Iyo umuntu ari kurira bene aya marira asohokana n’imisemburo itandukanye akenshi iba yabaye myinshi mu mubiri nka adrenocorticotropic, prolactin na leucine enkephalin. cyane cyane umusemburo wa prolactin uzamuka mugihe umuntu afite amarangamutima y’agahinda.
Uko umuntu aririra iyi misemburo nayo iragabanuka. nyuma yo kurira, abantu benshi bumva baruhutse, batekanye kurushaho, kandi bashobora gutekereza neza ku kibazo barimo.
Umuntu utarira si uko aba akomeye kurusha abandi. Hari igihe aba yafungiranye amarangamutima cyangwa yaramenyereye kuyahisha.
Guhora ufungiranye agahinda n’amarangamutima yawe ntubashe kurira kandi wenda wabishakaga bishobora gutera ibibazo birimo guhangayika gukabije ibi twita Depression, umunaniro wo mu mutwe, cyangwa kurakara vuba kandi ku busa, kubura ibitotsi no kugira umutima uremereye igihe kirekire.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abantu bamenyereye gusohora amarangamutima yabo binyuze mu buryo nko kurira, kuganira, kwandika bagira amahirwe menshi yo gukomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza bwo mu mutwe.
Kurira kandi ni ururimi rw’amarangamutima bufasha abandi kumenya ko utameze neza, bityo bakabona aho bahera bagufasha ndetse banaguhumuriza. Kuva tukivuka turarira kugira ngo tugaragaze ko dukeneye ubufasha si intege nke, ni uburyo bwo kuvuga kandi tutavuze.
Iyo uhuye n’umuntu uri kurira kubera agahinda, uburyo bwiza bwo kumwitaho si ukumubwira guhita aceceka cyangwa ko “atagomba kurira.” Ahubwo ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko gufasha umuntu uri kurira bigomba kuba birimo: kumuba hafi ukamureka akabanza akarira, kumutega amatwi utamucira urubanza, no kumwemerera gusohora amarangamutima ye. Amagambo yoroshye nka “Ndumva bikuremereye” cyangwa “ndi hano hafi yawe” agira akamaro kurusha kumuhatira guhagarika kurira.
Ni byiza kwigisha abantu kwifata no gukomera, ariko si byiza kubigisha guhisha amarangamutima yose. Iyo amarira aje, kuyemerera no kuyarekura ngo age hanze ni kimwe mu bigaragaza ubuzima bwiza bwo mu mutwe. Kurira si ikibazo ahubwo akenshi ni igisubizo.
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