Shampiyona zo mu Bwongereza ziri mu maboko ya EFL arizo Championship, League One na League Two, zatangiye gukoresha amategeko mashya agamije kugenzura ikoreshwa ry’amafaranga guhera muri shampiyona ya 2026-2027. Aya mategeko yasimbuye gahunda ya PSR yari imaze imyaka 10 ikoreshwa.
Shampiyona y’icyiciro cya kabiri mu Bwongereza Championship iragaruka kuri uyu wa Gatanu nyuma y’amezi atatu gusa isojwe mu buryo bwateje impaka nyinshi.
Muri Gicurasi 2026, havutse ikibazo cyiswe “Spygate”, cyatumye Southampton ikurwa mu mikino ya kamarampaka play-offs nubwo yari yamaze kuyigeramo. Ibi byayibujije guhatanira kuzamuka muri Premier League, ikintu cyari kuyihesha amafaranga arenga miliyoni 200 z’amapawundi.
Hull City ni yo yahise ibyungukiramo, itsinda Middlesbrough ku mukino wa nyuma maze ibona itike yo kuzamuka muri Premier League.
Mu myaka 10 ishize, amakipe ya Championship yakurikizaga amategeko yitwaga Profitability and Sustainability Rules (PSR).
Aya mategeko yagennye umubare ntarengwa w’igihombo amakipe yashoboraga kugira mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu ikurikirana.
Guhera muri shampiyona ya 2026-2027, PSR yasimbuwe n’andi mategeko mashya yitwa Squad Cost Ratio (SCR).
Aya mategeko mashya agamije kugenzura amafaranga amakipe akoresha ku bakinnyi, abatoza n’abahuza abakinnyi (agents), hashingiwe ku mafaranga amakipe yinjiza.
PSR; Yarebaga igihombo cy’umwaka ku wundi mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu n’ibihano byatangwaga hashize igihe kirekire amakosa yarakozwe.
SCR; Ireba amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu mwaka umwe gusa, igenzurwa rikorwa mu gihe nyacyo (real time)., n’igenzura ryibanda ku mafaranga asohoka n’ayinjira koko, aho kwibanda ku mibare y’ibaruramari gusa.
Ibi bivuze ko amakipe azajya akurikiranwa buri gihe kugira ngo atarenza amafaranga yemerewe gukoresha.
Ikindi cyihariye muri aya mategeko mashya ni uko amafaranga ashorwa n’abafite amakipe (owners) azakomeza kubarwa mu ngengo y’imari yemerewe gukoreshwa.
Mu myaka itatu, ikipe ishobora kongererwa amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni 32 z’amapawundi aturutse ku nyungu z’abayifite.
Mu mwaka umwe gusa, amafaranga ashobora kongerwamo ashobora kugera kuri miliyoni 15,2 z’amapawundi.
Bamwe bavuga ko ibi bitajyanye n’ihame ryo gukora ubucuruzi burambye, kuko bikomeza gutuma amakipe ashingira ku mafaranga y’abaherwe bayafite.
Mu mategeko mashya:
- Amafaranga y’abakinnyi, abatoza n’abahuza abakinnyi ntazarenza 85% by’amafaranga ikipe yinjije.
- Amafaranga avuye mu kugurisha abakinnyi na yo azajya abarwa.
- Amafaranga y’abafite amakipe azajya abarwa mu buryo bwihariye.
Mu cyiciro cya gatatu (League One), amakipe yari yemerewe gukoresha 60% by’amafaranga yinjiza.
Guhera muri uyu mwaka, ayo mafaranga yagabanyijwe agera kuri 50%.
Amakipe avuye muri Championship akamanuka muri League One yo yemerewe gukoresha 65%.
Mu cyiciro cya kane (League Two), amakipe yanze guhindura amategeko yari asanzweho.
Hari abemera ko aya mategeko azafasha kugabanya ibibazo by’imari.
Ariko hari n’abavuga ko nta kintu kinini azahindura.
Iyo ayo mafaranga abarwa, nta kipe n’imwe iba yarakoze ikosa.
Ibi byatumye benshi bibaza niba koko aya mategeko azafasha amakipe kugera ku bukungu burambye.
Amakipe 20 kuri 24 yo muri Championship yatoye yemera aya mategeko mashya.
Umuyobozi wa Portsmouth, Andrew Cullen, yavuze ko aya mategeko ari intambwe nziza, ariko atari igisubizo cya burundu.
Yagize ati:
“Turashaka ko amakipe akoresha amafaranga ahwanye n’ayo yinjiza kandi akirinda gusesagura.”
Ariko hari abandi bayobozi b’amakipe batemeranya na we.
Umwe mu bafite amakipe yavuze ko Championship ikomeje gushishikariza amakipe gukoresha amafaranga menshi aho kuyagabanya.
Mu minsi ishize, Ishyirahamwe ry’abakinnyi b’umupira w’amaguru mu Bwongereza (PFA) ryareze EFL, rivuga ko impinduka zakozwe muri League One zakozwe hatabayeho ibiganiro bihagije.
Ibi bivuze ko amakimbirane ku mategeko mashya y’imari atararangira.
Ikindi kigaragara ni uko ubu ibyiciro bine bya mbere by’umupira w’amaguru mu Bwongereza bikoresha amategeko ane atandukanye y’imari, ibintu bishobora gutuma hakomeza kubaho impaka mu gihe kiri imbere.
Muri make, abantu benshi bemeranya ku kintu kimwe:
Aya mategeko mashya ni intambwe ya mbere, ariko ntabwo ari igisubizo cya burundu ku bibazo by’ubukungu byugarije amakipe yo mu Bwongereza.
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