Transfer ya Bruno Guimarães iva muri Newcastle United ijya muri Arsenal ku giciro cya miliyoni £75 yongeye kugaragaza impinduka zikomeye zikomeje kuba muri Premier League. Arsenal ikomeje gukoresha amafaranga menshi mu gushaka abakinnyi bafite ubushobozi bwo guhita bazamura urwego rw’ikipe, mu gihe amakipe akomeye agenda arushaho kwigarurira abakinnyi beza b’amakipe asigaye. Iyi transfer kandi ituma hibazwa niba ubukungu bukomeye bw’amakipe akomeye butangiye kurushaho kwagura icyuho kiri hagati yayo n’andi makipe ya Premier League.
Hagati aho, kuba Bruno Guimarães agiye kuva i Tyneside, aho yari umwe mu bakinnyi bakomeye kandi bafatwaga nk’ikimenyetso cy’ikipe, bituma yongerwa ku rutonde rw’abakinnyi bakomeye baherutse kuva muri Newcastle United. Ibi kandi bitanga indi mpamvu yo kubona ko Newcastle igenda ihinduka ikipe ikomeye mu kugurisha abakinnyi bayo ku mafaranga menshi. Alexander Isak, Anthony Gordon na Sandro Tonali, ndetse n’umutoza Eddie Howe, bose bamaze kuva kuri St James’ Park kuva muri Nzeri ishize.
Mu myaka 12 kugeza mu mpera za Kamena 2025, Newcastle yari imaze kwinjiza miliyoni £352 mu kugurisha abakinnyi. Nubwo hagomba kubarwa amafaranga ajya ku makipe yahoze afite abo bakinnyi n’izindi ndishyi ziteganywa mu masezerano, birumvikana ko Newcastle ishobora kuba yarageze kuri ayo mafaranga £352m mu mezi 12 ashize gusa.
Iyi mibare ivuga byinshi ku rwego Arsenal na Newcastle bagezeho nk’amakipe, ariko transfer ya Guimarães inagaragaza ikintu kimaze kuba umuco muri Premier League: amakipe akize cyane agenda arushaho kugura abakinnyi beza mu yandi makipe yo muri shampiyona.
Transfer ya Guimarães ibaye iya 10 muri iyi mpeshyi aho rimwe mu makipe atandatu akomeye ya Premier League — Arsenal, Chelsea, Liverpool, Manchester City, Manchester United na Tottenham Hotspur — ryaguze umukinnyi mu yandi makipe 14 asigaye muri shampiyona.
Guimarães aje akurikira abandi nka Morgan Rogers, Elliot Anderson, Sandro Tonali, Maxence Lacroix, Jan Paul van Hecke, Youri Tielemans, Danny Welbeck, Marcos Senesi na Jordan Henderson, bose bagiye mu makipe akomeye muri ubu buryo.
Ku ikubitiro, ibi bishobora kutagaragara nk’ikintu gikomeye cyane.
Transfer za Welbeck na Henderson ntizihwanye n’izindi, kandi kuva kera habayeho urwego rw’amakipe muri ruhago, haba ku kibuga no hanze yacyo. Amakipe akize cyane ashobora kugura abakinnyi bafite impano kurusha abandi, ibyo bigatuma arushaho gukomera no gukurura abandi bakinnyi. Ni uruziga rutuma amakipe akomeye akomeza gutegeka. Manchester United yo mu gihe cya Sir Alex Ferguson, urugero, yakundaga gusinyisha abakinnyi beza bo mu yandi makipe.
Iyo hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kubara amakipe atandatu yinjiza amafaranga menshi muri Premier League muri buri mwaka, kuva mu 2009 akaba ari ya makipe atandatu azwi nka “Big Six” hanyuma hakabarwa abakinnyi bagurwa muri ayo makipe bavuye mu yandi makipe 14, usibye abakinnyi basinywa nta mafaranga yatanzwe ndetse n’abazamu b’abasimbura, bigaragara ko ubu buryo bwo kwimura abakinnyi bwariyongereye kurusha ikindi gihe cyose.
Mu mpeshyi ishize, abakinnyi 11 bavuye mu makipe atari muri “Big Six” bajya muri ayo makipe akomeye. Amakipe yose atandatu yari yagize uruhare muri ibyo bigurwa.
Muri Mutarama, Manchester City yaguze Antoine Semenyo na Marc Guéhi, abakinnyi bari mu ba mbere b’amakipe ya Bournemouth na Crystal Palace. Ibyo byatumye umubare w’abo bakinnyi mu mwaka wa 2025-26 ugera kuri 13.
Icyo gihe cyabaye umubare mushya w’amateka, kandi ni ubwa kabiri gusa umubare w’izo transfer ugeze ku mibare ibiri. Ubwa mbere byabaye muri 2014-15, ubwo amakipe akomeye yaguraga abakinnyi b’amakipe mato yari yaragaragaje ubushobozi bukomeye mu gushaka no guteza imbere impano. Muri transfer 10 zabaye muri uwo mwaka, eshanu zari abakinnyi bavuye muri Southampton, naho eshatu ziva muri Swansea City.
Mu mezi 14 ashize, habaye transfer 23 z’ubu bwoko. Ibi bivuze ko hariho kwimurira ku bwinshi impano nziza z’amakipe akize make zikajya mu makipe akize cyane.
Bitandukanye n’imyaka 12 ishize, ubu ntabwo ari ikipe imwe cyangwa nke ziri gutakaza abakinnyi bazo. Amakipe 11 atandukanye ya Premier League amaze gutakaza abakinnyi ajya muri “Big Six” kuva mu ntangiriro z’impeshyi ishize.
Birumvikana ko ibi bitanga inyungu nini ku makipe agurisha abakinnyi. Izo transfer 23 zose hamwe zatwaye hafi miliyari £1.2.
Aya mafaranga atuma amakipe yagurishije abakinnyi ashobora kongera gushora mu kugura abandi bakinnyi, bityo akagira ubushobozi bwo gukomeza guhatana.
Iyo ibi bihujwe n’amafaranga menshi amakipe yo muri Premier League ahabwa bitewe n’umwanya arangirijeho, biragaragara ko amakipe yo hagati muri shampiyona atigeze aba akomeye nk’ubu.
Intsinzi zikomeje kugaragara ku makipe yo mu Bwongereza mu marushanwa ya Europa League na UEFA Conference League na zo zigaragaza uko ayo makipe yo hagati akomeje gutera imbere.
Ariko hari ikibazo gikomeye: amakipe yo hagati arushaho gutakaza abakinnyi bayo b’ingenzi ajya mu makipe akomeye yo muri Premier League.
Ibi bigenda bishimangira urwego rw’amakipe muri ruhago y’u Bwongereza.
Mu gihe cya Sir Alex Ferguson, byari bimenyerewe ko Manchester United amaherezo yazaga ikagura abakinnyi beza b’amakipe yari hasi yayo.
Hagati ya 1994 na 2006, abakinnyi nka Teddy Sheringham, Dwight Yorke, Rio Ferdinand na Wayne Rooney bavuye mu makipe atari akize cyane bajya muri Manchester United.
Mu myaka 12, transfer icyenda muri ubwo bwoko zarabaye.
Uyu munsi, Manchester City imaze gukora eshanu mu gihe kirenze gato umwaka umwe.
Chelsea imaze gukora esheshatu, nubwo Welbeck na Henderson batandukanye n’abakinnyi bakiri mu bihe byabo byiza. Tottenham imaze gukora enye, Arsenal na Manchester United buri imwe ifite eshatu, naho Liverpool ifite ebyiri. Imwe muri izo ebyiri ni transfer ya Alexander Isak wavuye muri Newcastle ku mafaranga menshi cyane, akaba yari transfer y’umukinnyi w’Umwongereza ihenze kurusha izindi.
Chelsea ubu imaze kugura abakinnyi 17 bavuye mu makipe atari “Big Six” mu myaka 10 ishize. Ibi bigaragaza uburyo Chelsea ikora transfer nyinshi ndetse n’ukuntu ikunda cyane abakinnyi bakiri bato bamaze kwerekana ko bashoboye gukina muri Premier League.
Mu makipe yatakaje abakinnyi benshi mu myaka ya vuba, Brighton & Hove Albion iri ku isonga.
Kuva mu mpeshyi ya 2021, abakinnyi 10 ba Brighton bamaze kuva muri iyo kipe bajya muri imwe mu makipe ya “Big Six”.
Batanu muri barimo Moisés Caicedo, Marc Cucurella, João Pedro, Robert Sánchez na Danny Welbeck bagiye muri Chelsea.
Impamvu imwe iragaragara: amakipe akize arushaho kuba abakire.
Mu mwaka wa 2024-25, impuzandengo y’amafaranga amakipe ya “Big Six” yinjije yari hafi £635m kuri buri kipe. Ibi byabaye nubwo amakipe atatu muri ayo atandatu atakinnye Champions League muri uwo mwaka.
Ku rundi ruhande, impuzandengo y’amafaranga andi makipe 14 ya Premier League yinjije yari hafi £214m.
Ibi bivuze ko hari itandukaniro rya hafi £421m hagati y’impuzandengo y’amakipe akize cyane n’andi.
Iri tandukaniro ni rinini kurusha mbere hose, kandi usibye imyaka ibiri yibasiwe n’ingaruka za COVID-19, ryagiye ryiyongera buri mwaka kuva mu 2011.
Kuva nyuma ya COVID-19, amafaranga amakipe ya “Big Six” yinjiza yiyongereyeho hafi £189m, bikaba birenze inshuro eshatu ubwiyongere bw’amafaranga y’andi makipe ya Premier League.
Ibi bituma amakipe akomeye ashobora gutanga imishahara myinshi ndetse akagira amahirwe menshi yo gutwara ibikombe, ibintu bikurura abakinnyi beza.
Amategeko agenga imari y’umupira w’amaguru na yo agira uruhare muri iki kibazo.
Aya mategeko amaze igihe atuma amakipe akize ashobora gukoresha amafaranga menshi, ariko agasaba ko ibyo bikorwa bigomba kuba bifite ishingiro kandi birambye.
Ariko guhinduka kw’amategeko akoresha igipimo cy’amafaranga ikipe ishobora gukoresha ku bakinnyi hashingiwe ku mafaranga yinjiza, ntabwo byongereye ubushobozi bw’amakipe adakize cyane bwo guhangana n’amakipe akomeye.
Nubwo Premier League yemereye amakipe yayo gukoresha igice kinini cy’amafaranga yinjiza kurusha igipimo cya 70% gikurikizwa ku makipe akina amarushanwa ya UEFA, itandukaniro ry’amafaranga hagati y’amakipe riracyari rinini cyane.
Ikindi kandi, amakipe yateye imbere akava mu makipe yo hasi akagera ku rwego rwo gukina amarushanwa y’i Burayi ahita ahura n’amategeko akomeye ya UEFA.
Mu buryo bw’amategeko mashya agenga amafaranga amakipe ashobora gukoresha, inyungu yabonetse mu kugurisha umukinnyi ishobora kubarwa mu gihe cy’imyaka itatu.
Ibi ni byiza mu rwego rwo gutuma amakipe akora imishinga irambye, kuko bituma adashobora kugurisha umukinnyi umwe gusa kugira ngo akemure ikibazo cy’amafaranga ako kanya.
Ariko ku yandi makipe, ibi bishobora kugabanya ubushobozi bwo gukoresha amafaranga.
Amakipe akize cyane ashobora gukoresha amafaranga menshi buri mwaka, mu gihe andi makipe aba ategereje ibihe byiza byo kugurisha abakinnyi no kubona amafaranga menshi.
Gukenera kugurisha abakinnyi, hamwe n’uko abakinnyi bakururwa n’amakipe ahora ahatanira ibikombe kandi atanga imishahara myinshi, bituma impano zikomeza kuzamuka ziva mu makipe mato zijya mu makipe akomeye.
Ibi bigaragara no ku makipe afite ba nyirayo bayashoramo amafaranga menshi ariko agerageza kwinjira mu rwego rw’amakipe akomeye.
Ntabwo ari impanuka ko muri iyi mpeshyi amakipe ari mu myanya itatu ya mbere mu kugurisha abakinnyi kurusha ayandi ari Newcastle, Aston Villa na Nottingham Forest.
Uko ibintu bimeze ubu, iri soko rya transfer rishobora kurushaho kubangamira irushanwa muri Premier League, aho usanga amakipe make cyane ari yo afite amahirwe nyayo yo gutwara igikombe.
Premier League ikunze kuvugwa nka shampiyona nziza kurusha izindi muri ruhago y’isi, ariko iyo urebye umubare w’amakipe atwara igikombe, usanga irushanwa riri hejuru cyane mu bijyanye n’ubuziranenge ariko ritandukanye cyane mu bijyanye n’abashobora gutwara igikombe.
Muri La Liga, akenshi usanga ari amakipe abiri ahatanira igikombe, rimwe na rimwe Atlético Madrid ikabinjiramo.
Muri Ligue 1, Paris Saint-Germain imaze igihe yiganje.
Muri Bundesliga, Bayern Munich ni yo imaze igihe yiganje, nubwo hari igihe andi makipe ayitsinda.
Muri Serie A, ho ibintu birasa n’ibirushanwa kurushaho, kuko amakipe ane atandukanye yatwaye igikombe mu bihe birindwi bishize.
Ikintu gishimishije ni uko amakipe ari gutakaza abakinnyi uyu munsi atari ko byahoze.
Amakipe akomeye uyu munsi na yo yigeze kuba ari yo agura abakinnyi b’amakipe mato.
Urugero, mu myaka itandatu ya Premier League mu myaka ya 1990, Newcastle yakuye abakinnyi 12 mu makipe yari afite amafaranga make kurusha yo ikaba ari yo yari ku isonga muri icyo gihe.
Ariko ubu nta bimenyetso byinshi byerekana ko imiterere y’ubutegetsi muri Premier League iri hafi guhinduka.
Amakipe atandatu yinjiza amafaranga menshi kurusha ayandi amaze hafi imyaka 20 ari ya yandi makipe, kandi aracyabona amafaranga menshi cyane ava ku bafana ndetse n’ubucuruzi kurusha andi makipe.
No mu Burayi muri rusange, itandukaniro hagati y’amakipe akize n’adakize riragenda ryiyongera. Nubwo abantu mu Bwongereza bashobora kwibwira ko Premier League idashobora kugera kuri iyo ntambwe, na yo ntabwo ibura iki kibazo.
Hari ikindi kibazo: amakipe akize cyane ashobora kureka andi makipe agakora akazi ko gushaka no guteza imbere abakinnyi, hanyuma akazaza akabagura bamaze kwerekana ko bashoboye gukina muri Premier League.
Mu isi ya ruhago irimo ubutabera, ikipe ifite uburyo budakora neza bwo gushaka abakinnyi yagombye kurengerwa n’indi ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kubashaka, nk’uko Brighton yabigaragaje.
Ariko mu isi tubamo, amakipe akize afata abakinnyi beza ba Brighton buri mwaka, bigatuma itandukaniro hagati yayo n’amakipe akomeye rikomeza kubaho.
Ibi bishobora gutuma ku makipe menshi, kurangiza ku mwanya wa gatandatu cyangwa uwa karindwi ari cyo kintu kinini ashobora kugeraho.
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